小張，今年28歲，在一家會計公司工作。由於工作壓力大，她常常在上班途中匆匆解決早餐，有時甚至拖到晚上十點才吃晚飯。最近幾個月，她總是感到口乾舌燥，即使一天喝了兩升水，還是覺得口渴難耐。
Not only that, but she often felt weak in her limbs and couldn't lift her spirits while working. One weekend afternoon, when Xiao Zhang went to the market to buy vegetables, he was suddenly attracted by the desserts of a pastry shop. The strange thing is that she, who has never liked sweets, suddenly felt that there was no taste in her mouth and wanted to eat something sweet.
At this time, the neighbor Aunt Wang brought her grandson to buy snacks, and when she saw Xiao Zhang, she said in surprise: "Xiao Zhang, why have you lost so much weight, are you too tired from work?" ”
Xiao Zhang realized that he had obviously not controlled his diet, and even ate more than before, but he had lost weight. When Aunt Wang heard this, she immediately suggested that she go to the hospital early the next morning for a glucose tolerance test.
The results of the examination showed that Xiao Zhang's fasting blood sugar reached 8.0mmol/L, and his blood sugar was as high as 0.0mmol/L two hours after a meal, and he was diagnosed with prediabetes by the doctor. Doctors recommend not rushing to take medication at first, but adjusting your diet and lifestyle reasonably to see if your blood sugar will drop.
回到家後，小張拿著化驗單找到王大媽，表達了自己的震驚和無助。王大媽表示，自己患糖尿病已經二十年了，對糖尿病的癥狀非常瞭解。那天看到小張的狀態就覺得可能是糖尿病。
Under Aunt Wang's advice, after three months of dietary conditioning, Xiao Zhang's blood sugar returned to a normal level. During these three months, Xiao Zhang would consult Aunt Wang before every meal.
Thanks to Aunt Wang's patient guidance, Xiao Zhang learned a lot about the diabetic diet during his illness, and finally succeeded in recovering his health.
Aunt Wang mentioned that prediabetes usually does not have particularly obvious uncomfortable symptoms. So, what are the manifestations of prediabetes?
Prediabetic patients like Xiao Zhang may be at risk of becoming truly diabetic on a daily basis.
The symptoms of prediabetes are similar to those of Xiao Zhang, which is simply "three more and one less" - eat more, drink more, urinate more and lose weight.
This is because the glucose in the food is absorbed into the bloodstream and is not utilized by the tissue cells, but is excreted with the urine, so the body constantly sends hunger signals to eat.
The concentration of glucose in the urine is increased due to the increase in glucose content, and more water is carried away through osmotic pressure, resulting in an increase in urine output and also causing the body to lack water.
Since glucose cannot be used by the body, cells lack energy supply and can only maintain physiological needs by burning fat and protein, which also leads to weight loss.
Normal humans do not experience these symptoms due to the normal amount and function of insulin. The role of insulin in the body is to promote the uptake and utilization of glucose by tissue cells, so the main treatment modalities for diabetes include insulin injections and oral hypoglycemic drugs.
However, Aunt Wang pointed out that for early patients like Xiao Zhang, they only need to adjust their diet and lifestyle habits to recover their health.
王大媽還特彆強調，自己患糖尿病二十年來總結了三種應該多吃的食物和三種應該少吃的食物，下面就來跟大家分享一下。
In the dietary management of diabetic patients, dietary control and medication are equally important. Patients should maintain a balanced diet to ensure adequate and varied nutrition. The ideal diet should include five main food groups: grains, vegetables, fruits, animal foods, and legumes and nuts.
For diabetics, it is not advisable to consume too much carbohydrates, because they will be converted into glucose and affect blood sugar; Excessive intake of fats and proteins should also be limited, as they affect the body's metabolism and may be converted to sugar through gluconeogenesis.
Therefore, the most suitable foods for diabetics are vegetables. According to the National Health Commission's recommendation, diabetics "should have vegetables at every meal".
Among the many vegetables, Aunt Wang recommends the following three:
Onion: Contains natural ingredients that promote insulin secretion and accelerate blood lipid metabolism, and is suitable for patients with diabetes and hyperlipidemia.
The above three foods are low in sugar and rich in nutrients, making them suitable for diabetics. However, it's also important to have a varied diet, so you don't have to limit yourself to these three foods, and you can replace other types of vegetables in moderation according to your personal preferences to keep your diet fresh.
While some vegetables are beneficial for blood sugar control, others may have factors that are not conducive to blood sugar management. Next, let's take a look at which vegetables should be eaten less.
Pumpkin: Although it contains pumpkin polysaccharides that are beneficial to insulin synthesis and hypoglycemic effects, it is high in carbohydrates, and excessive consumption can easily cause blood sugar fluctuations.
Beets: They have a high sugar content and are used as one of the raw materials for sugar production, and direct consumption may cause a rapid rise in blood sugar.
Toon: Although the sugar content is not high, it is rich in nitrate and nitrite, which may increase the metabolic burden of the liver, and is not suitable for diabetic patients with poor liver function.
Aunt Wang emphasized that even if some food extracts show significant blood sugar suppression effects, their actual effect in the process of human digestion and metabolism is still unclear. Therefore, dietary modification in patients with diabetes should be aimed at adjuvant therapy rather than primary treatment.
In addition to the choice of food type, the way it is cooked can also affect the blood sugar response. For example, overcooking makes staple foods or legumes too soft and glutinous, which accelerates their conversion to sugar during digestion, which in turn leads to a rapid rise in blood sugar. It is recommended to maintain a certain toughness of vegetables and control the amount of oil and salt when cooking.
Irregular diet, sedentary lifestyle, and sugar craving may all increase the risk of diabetes. Fortunately, before he actually developed diabetes, Xiao Zhang effectively controlled his blood sugar levels by adjusting his lifestyle and eating habits in time. I hope that everyone can be like Xiao Zhang, enhance their self-management skills, maintain a regular diet and a healthy lifestyle.
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This content is a fictional short story, if there is any similarity, it is purely a coincidence, all characters, places and events are artistic processing, please read rationally, do not sit in the right seat.