Qi Xiaochun

It is also the third day of March. This ancient festival, hidden in the depths of history, has achieved immortal vitality together with the "First Book in the World" "Lanting Collection Preface", which perfectly reflects the reinvention between traditional festivals and artistic classics.

In the ninth year of Yonghe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (40 A.D.), on the festival, Wang Xizhi, who was the general of the right army and the general of the Huiji Inner History, was in the Lanting of Huiji County, and more than 0 people from the world gathered to repair, Qushui Liuzhen, and Xuan Tan poems. The poems were collected, and everyone recommended Wang Xizhi to write a preface to the poetry collection. It is said that Wang Xizhi took advantage of the slight drunkenness to grab the mouse whisker pen in one go and wrote the "Preface to the Lanting Collection". He then wanted to go home and transcribe the original manuscript, but he couldn't get past the draft, so he kept it as a family heirloom.

As the years go by, "Orchid Pavilion Collection Preface" shines on the past and the present. How can an elegant collection be solidified into an eternal cultural image and achieve a classic of law books that have been passed down through the ages?

In the Tang Dynasty, Sun Guoting's "Book Spectrum" cloud "Ji Hu Lan Ting Xingji, Siyi Shenchao". The so-called supernatural refers to the writer's transcendence of the technical level and entering the supernatural creative state of forgetting the heart and leaving nature alone. Why is it so superb? It can be seen from Sun Guoting's so-called "five combinations": "Shen Yi is leisurely, and one is also together; Feeling favoritism and knowledge, the two are also together; The time is harmonious and moist, and the three are also; Paper and ink are intertwined, and the four are also; Occasional desire for books, five also . "Shangsi Festival, the ancients went on an outing, bathed in the river water, and removed the ominous, called "repair", which is the time of "Shen Yi and leisure". At that time, most of the people who participated in the Lanting Yaji were important figures recorded in history, and Wang Xizhi wrote the preface to the poetry collection, which is "Feeling Hui and Favoring Knowledge". The day, the sky is clear, the wind is smooth, the peaks reflect the green, the bamboo is swaying, this is "the time and the air is moist". The pen of the rat's whisker is the good of the instrument, which is "paper and ink". The festival is invited, the wine is slightly drunk, and the preface is prefaced, which is "accidental desire to book". It is the combined effect of these many factors that prompted Wang Xizhi to enter the realm of freedom with both heart and hand.

The height of the technique of flattering the outside and the inside is unparalleled, creating a model of "the beauty of neutrality", and also making the "Lanting" synonymous with literati elegance since then, and promoting the literati inheritance of the Shangsi Festival. Although it is said that the book was created by Liu Desheng at the end of the Han Dynasty, then people have not seen the appearance of the book before Wang Xi. Even if Wang Xizhi's own writings are mixed with many lines of grass, there is only one book that is purely like the style of "Lanting Collection Preface". Looking at this handwriting, the lead is delicate, floating in, like a dragon; Although the word is the size of the copper coin, the more it is enlarged, the more it is seen that its bone strength is up to it, and it is not an exaggeration to say that it is "three points into the wood". Later generations of calligraphers have not fully understood the enemy, either by their flesh or their bones, or by their leaps, or by their whims. It is not only the earliest in the history of calligraphy, but also the best in terms of skills, combining "charming" and "wind bones" as a whole, "Lanting Collection Preface" is not "the first line of books in the world"?

"Lanting Collection Preface" is not only a pearl in the history of calligraphy, but also a masterpiece in the history of literature, which reflects the eternal spiritual pursuit of the Chinese and injects philosophical meaning into the Shangwei Festival. The first half of the work describes the scenery of the landscape, the writing is beautiful, at the beginning of the creation, or there is a desire to compete with the Western Jin Dynasty Shi Chong's "Golden Valley Poem Preface" consciousness, so the people of the time and the future generations praise. In the second half of the work, he enters into philosophical speculation, discussing the sense of gain and loss, the sigh of death and life, and is full of wisdom in life. Considering the background of his creation, the Northern Expedition of the Eastern Jin Dynasty was reduced to a means of fighting for power and profit, Wang Xizhi witnessed the suffering of Li Shu, and repeatedly admonished him to stop, and soon after he swore to resign from the tomb and never work. Looking at the "Preface to the Lanting Collection", under the beautiful rhetoric and philosophical speculation, the spiritual core is the hidden worry that hurts the liver and intestines, which is a work of Xingji. In the first half of "The Preface to the Orchid Pavilion Collection", the style of the book is like a trickle, and the spring breeze is blowing; In the second half of the paragraph, the scribbles are messy, and the words are all note. "The world's three major calligraphy" are all love and art, Tao and technology highly integrated construction, throughout the history of calligraphy, can be so closely combined with love, technology and Taoism, is rare.

In later generations, many famous calligraphers copied and wrote the "Lanting Collection Preface", and the huge facsimile pedigree constituted the "Lanting Cultural Chain", from which a lot of inspiration can be obtained even today. Objectively speaking, with the progress of the conditions for studying books, many good players have emerged among the contemporary scholars of the "two kings". At the technical level, it is difficult to say how deficient they are, but there is always no shortage of ridicule of "copying books". Some creators lack profound education, not to mention the admirable words and deeds outside of calligraphy skills, and fail to make people "see their books and want to see them". "Books, as well. Such as its learning, such as its talent, such as its ambition, in short, just like its person. "Books are the study of the heart, and it is necessary to carry people's Fengshen character through the representation of pen and ink, realize the freedom and transcendence of cultural spirit, and cast the cultural foundation of the country and the nation. Otherwise, only skills, not Taoism.

"Books carry the Tao", books are the carriers of the Tao, not the end itself. On the new journey of building a cultural power, calling for the return of the spirit of calligraphy art is an urgent topic, and it is also the meaning of our revisiting the classics.

People's Daily (08/0/0 0 Edition)