在早些年，汽車大修是常有的事，通常車輛行駛二十幾萬公里就需要進行大修，有些甚至十几萬公里就要大修。然而，隨著現代汽車發動機質量的顯著提升，如果車輛得到正常的保養和合理的使用，大修的情況已經大大減少。尤其是在4S店，幾個月都難得遇到一次大修發動機的情況。儘管如此，不同車輛之間在大修公里數上仍存在顯著差異，有的車輛二十幾萬公里就需要大修，而有的則能跑到四五十萬公里才需大修。那麼，發動機的壽命究竟與哪些因素有關呢？主要有以下三點。

1. Routine maintenance

The key lies in the oil change. The high-speed operation of the engine is completely dependent on the lubrication of the oil to minimize wear. If there is a lack of oil inside the engine, a cylinder burst can occur within minutes, leaving the engine facing major repairs. Therefore, in order to prolong the life of the engine, it is essential to ensure that it is always in a good lubricated condition. To achieve good lubrication, the quality of the oil must be guaranteed. That is, the oil must be changed according to the mileage recommended by the manufacturer without delay. And the oil to be replaced must meet the use standards of the car, and the quality grade and viscosity grade of the oil cannot be reduced without permission. In addition, the purchase channel also needs to pay attention, do not use counterfeit and shoddy engine oil, otherwise the harm to the engine is greater. How can this be avoided? Don't buy engine oil with a price much lower than the market price, don't be greedy for a small bargain, choose to go to a 4S shop or a regular large repair shop for maintenance.

2. How to use

Engine wear is most severe during the cold start phase, where about 80% of wear occurs at this time. It's okay in summer, mainly in winter when the temperature is low, and the wear is maximum in the first minute or two of just ignition. As a result, the time for overhaul of a vehicle that is often driven short distances is significantly shortened. Vehicles that drive for a long time, such as those that travel long distances for business, are far away from the company, or are used for business purposes, tend to have longer overhaul kilometres.

為什麼開車次數少反而對車更不好呢？因為在相同的公里數下，你的車處於冷啟動階段的時間更長。例如，同樣行駛一萬公里，拿計程車來說，點火后一直行駛，只需兩三個月就能達到一萬公里，處於冷啟動磨損最大的時間總共只有90分鐘。而對於短途行駛的車輛，行駛這一萬公里，處於冷啟動磨損最大的時間則需要600分鐘，遠高於計程車的磨損時間。

因此，在相同的公里數下，發動機的磨損程度大不相同。每天行駛距離短的車，經歷惡劣工況的時間更長，磨損也更多。這就是在相同保養條件下，有些車20萬公里需要大修，而有些車50萬公里才需大修的原因。當然，對於這種情況有人會問如何改善？答案是不需要刻意改善，也不容易改善。因為你每天的用車需求就是那幾公里，總不能為此多跑一段無謂的路吧，這樣也會額外增加燃油消耗。另外，因為行駛里程短，就算一年能達到8000公里，一輛車最多也就能用15-20年。用15年也才12万公里，就算每天磨損多也用不著大修。因此，根據個人的習慣用車就可以了。

3. Car Usage Habits

不同的用車習慣對發動機壽命也有影響。例如，一個開車猛的人，發動機經常保持在三四千轉，起步猛加油，遇到情況猛剎車，這樣對發動機的磨損當然也就更大。不僅僅是發動機，變速箱以及各種懸掛、球頭等部件的壽命都會受到影響，導致最終的車況也不同。別人開五萬公里的車還像新車一樣，而開車猛的人開五萬公里後車就顯得比較舊了，像是跑了八九萬公里的車一樣。