Trace elements in the human body include iron, zinc, copper, iodine, selenium, etc., which play an important role in the physiological processes of the human body.

1. Iron: Iron is one of the essential trace elements in the human body and an important component of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin carries oxygen and transports it to tissues and organs throughout the body. If the human body is deficient in iron, it will lead to iron deficiency anemia, fatigue, dizziness, palpitation and other symptoms. In addition, iron is also involved in the synthesis of cytochromes and a variety of enzymes, and also plays an important role in maintaining normal immune function and nervous system function.

2. Zinc: Zinc plays a key role in human growth and development, immune regulation, taste and appetite. It is involved in the synthesis and activation of a variety of enzymes and has an important impact on the synthesis and metabolism of proteins and nucleic acids. Zinc deficiency in children can lead to problems such as growth retardation, mental retardation, and loss of appetite; Zinc deficiency in adults may result in weakened immunity, rough skin, and slow wound healing.

3. Copper: Copper is involved in a variety of redox reactions in the body and is a component of many enzymes, such as ceruloplasmin, cytochrome oxidase, etc. Copper is important for the maintenance of normal hematopoietic function, nervous system function, and bone development. Copper deficiency may lead to diseases such as anemia, osteoporosis, and neurological disorders.

4. Iodine: Iodine is an important raw material for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Thyroid hormones play an important role in regulating the body's growth and development, metabolism and nervous system function. Iodine deficiency can lead to goiter, commonly known as "big neck disease", and iodine deficiency in children may also affect mental development, leading to cretinism.

5. Selenium: Selenium has an antioxidant effect, which can protect cells from free radical damage and enhance the body's immunity. It is also closely related to cardiovascular health, thyroid function, and reproductive function, among others. Selenium deficiency may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and other diseases.

Although trace elements in the human body are very small in the body, they play a vital role in human health. They participate in various physiological processes of the human body and maintain the normal functioning of the body. Deficiency or excessive intake of certain trace elements can cause adverse health effects. Therefore, in daily life, a balanced diet should be maintained to meet the body's needs for various trace elements through the intake of a variety of foods. If you suspect that you are deficient in a certain trace element, it is recommended to seek medical attention in time, conduct relevant examinations, and supplement under the guidance of a doctor.

This article is only for health science popularization and does not constitute medication or medical guidelines, it is recommended to seek medical attention in time if you have health problems.