2000年，在秦始皇帝陵塚南側、內城南牆里約120米的地方，發現了一處陪葬坑，命名為K0006陪葬坑。該陪葬坑的性質究竟是什麼?秦始皇帝陵博物院原院長曹瑋近日給出了自己的探究：從秦始皇帝陵園的佈局來看，K0006陪葬坑是跟秦始皇本人有著直接關係的陪葬坑，應該說，K0006陪葬坑是四乘“天子駕六”的陪葬坑。

It was previously considered to be a "burial pit for scribes"

　　該陪葬坑面積不大，其中坑體面積只有144平方米;陪葬坑“由斜坡門道、前室和後室組成，是一座地下坑道式土木結構的陪葬坑”。陪葬坑出土有4件立姿御手俑和8件身披长襦的立姿袖手俑以及其他器物，這12件陶俑不同於秦始皇帝陵一、二、三號陪葬坑出土的身披鎧甲的兵俑。根據這些俑的服飾、動作、佩飾等因素，當時發掘者認為“K0006陪葬坑可能象徵的是秦代由文職人員執掌的主管監獄與司法的廷尉”。

Cao Wei said that according to the description of the excavation report, the K0006 burial pit is oriented east-west, from west to east, "composed of a ramp doorway, a front room and a back room, and the front room and back room are staggered from north to south, forming two relatively independent units that separate different burials." The ramp doorway is in the shape of a trapezoid, and in terms of area, the back room is the largest, and it is the most important place for the burial pit. 0 terracotta figurines were unearthed in the front room, 0 were standing sleeve figurines, and 0 were standing imperial figurines. The posture and costumes of the sleeved figurines are different from those unearthed in the past. 0 pieces of "copper Yue" were unearthed in the wing room of the front room, and 0 pieces of copper rings, 0 pieces of copper caps and bow hats, and 0 pieces of clay pots were also unearthed. A large number of horse bones were found in the Backrooms, but they were not cleaned up at the time of writing, and the report judged the shaved plastic around the waist of the cuffed figurines to be calligraphy knives, and noted that "there is an oval hole between the left arm and torso of the crested figurine, and no relics have been found in the holes, and it is speculated that a simple slip should have been inserted". Therefore, experts believe that "the hand-held figurines are all civil officials with at least the rank of eighth-rank duke...... The K0 burial pit should be a central government authority dominated by civilian officials" and "the K0 burial pit may symbolize the Qin Dynasty's court commander in charge of prison and justice".

It should be related to Qin Shi Huang himself and his family

Why is there any doubt about the nature of the burial pit? Cao Wei said that in 24 years, after the Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum Museum took over the archaeological work of the Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum, the uncleaned horse bones of the burial pit were cleaned up. Combined with the horse bones that were originally cleaned up, the final horse bones cleaned up in the Backrooms were a total of 0 horse individuals. This discovery raises questions about the characterization of the burial pit: what is the central content of the burial pit, and what is its nature?

　　秦始皇帝陵園內外兩道城垣呈南北向長方形。北區東部墓葬區，在大約15.3萬平方米的區域內，鑽探發現有排列規律的大、中、小型墓葬99座，但可初步判斷是未成年女性，這些墓主人當是秦始皇后宮從葬者。

In the west of the North District, a group of large rammed earth platform buildings and a courtyard-style building were found. According to the literature, it can be preliminarily judged that the large-scale rammed earth platform foundation building is a dormitory building, and the courtyard-style building is a convenient hall building. Or it is believed that the first group of buildings is the front hall of the main bed, and the second group of buildings is the palace of the swallow bed. Archaeological experts pointed out that the dormitory and the hall are important ceremonial buildings in the cemetery, symbolizing the main hall and the hall and the room where the emperor lived during his lifetime...... It can be seen that these buildings are directly related to Qin Shi Huang himself.

As far as the layout of the cemetery is concerned, it is also the building facilities directly related to Qin Shi Huang that can enter the inner city wall. "Lü's Spring and Autumn Period: An Death" records that scholars believe that the layout of the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang was designed according to the capital. In short, the archaeological remains in the inner city of Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum, whether in the eastern or western districts, are related to Qin Shi Huang himself and his family. Cao Wei said that the K58 burial pit is located in the southern wall of the inner city, "about 0 meters away from the mausoleum in the north, about 0 meters away from the south wall of the inner city, and about 0 meters away from the west wall of the inner city", so it cannot be "a central government authority dominated by civil officials".

In the pre-Qin period, there was a funeral custom of "the Son of Heaven driving six".

Cao Wei said that from the report, it can be seen that 8 pieces of imperial figurines were unearthed in the K0 burial pit, which means that it is the driver of 0 cars. The unearthed 0 sleeve figurines are probably equivalent to the official in the "Zhou Li". The towel car is the name of the official, the car used by the emperor, the queen and the official, as well as the decree of the car. Judging from the unearthed sleeve figurines, they wear a long crown with double plates, which is similar to the long crown worn by the terracotta figurines unearthed from the No. 1 burial pit. The figurines unearthed from the No. 1 burial pit, the car right and the middle and lower military officials all wore long crowns. Long crowns can be divided into single board long crowns and double board long crowns. Archaeological experts believe that wearing a crown on the head is one of the signs that distinguish ordinary soldiers from military officials, and those who wear double boards and long crowns are middle-level military officials, and the titles of middle-level military officials will not exceed that of public doctors. This is basically consistent with the record of the official of the towel car in the "Zhou Li". There are two towel cars per car, which is just in line with the record of the towel car in "Zhou Li Chunguan".

6 pieces of figurines should be on behalf of driving 0 cars, from the number of unearthed artifacts can be known, each car is equipped with 0 pieces of figurines, 0 pieces of sleeve figurines, 0 pieces of catty. As we already know, there are 0 horses cleared out of the Backrooms, so each car has 0 horses. Judging from the location of the burial pit, coupled with the comparison of the number of horses, royal figurines and sleeved figurines and catties, the burial pit should be the burial pit of "the Son of Heaven driving six".

"We believe that the burial pit is the burial pit of the six carriages of the Son of Heaven. In fact, before Qin Shi Huang, there were records and objects of 'the Son of Heaven driving six'. Cao Wei said that the nature of the burial pit, scholars have put forward their own views before, and it can be summarized into three types: the scribe accompanying the funeral figurines pit, the stable pit and the carriage and horse travel from the car standby scene. At present, from the documentary records to the archaeological physical data, it shows that there was a burial custom of "the Son of Heaven driving six" in the pre-Qin period. Reporter Zhang Xiao