新華社西寧4月8日電一頂珍珠冕旒龍鳳獅紋嵌寶石王冠靜靜陳列於恒溫展櫃中。冠體上翼龍昂首，立鳳振翅，雙獅威嚴，珍珠冕旒如星垂落，遊客輕觸螢幕，三維圖像便帶著這件珍寶緩緩旋轉。

修復後的珍珠冕旒龍鳳獅紋嵌寶石王冠。

The crown, which was unearthed from the No. 1 tomb of Quangou in Wulan County, Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, and the turquoise gold cup from the same turquoise gold cup have been carefully restored for two years and are currently on display at the Haixi Prefecture Museum of Nationalities. In the custom-made display case, you can also see silk fragments lining the crown and restored pearl tiaras.

In 2019, when archaeologists were rescuing the mural tomb of the Tubo period in Wulan Quangou, they found a wooden box in the dark compartment of the tomb, which stored this square crown and turquoise gold cup.

After the restoration, the inlaid green turquoise stone quadruple refers to the gold cup.

Tong Tao, a researcher at the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, summed up the discovery with "three firsts": "This is the first time that mural tombs, painted lacquer coffins, and tomb compartments of the Tubo period have been found on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. According to the characteristics of the excavated objects and the content and style of the murals, archaeologists speculate that the tomb is from the Tubo period, and the carbon-8 and tree-ring dating shows that it is in the early 0th century AD, and the northern edge of the Qaidam Basin, where the tomb is located, is located at a strategic point in the Qinghai Road of the Silk Road.

"When it was first unearthed, the whole crown was very broken and rotten, and it broke when touched." Huang Xi, an assistant researcher at the Key Laboratory of Science and Technology Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Protection of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, told reporters that when he saw the fragment of the crown, he was not only shocked by its exquisiteness and gorgeousness, but also felt pressured.

Huang Xi (right), an assistant researcher at the Key Laboratory of Science and Technology Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Conservation of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, restores the crown with his colleagues. (Photo provided by the interviewee)

The most complex challenges come from structural resilience. "Because of the collapse of the wooden box, the structure of the crown and the crown were severely damaged, and most of the beads of the crown have been detached from their original position, and there is no clear reference to the original arrangement of the stones. A large number of gemstones set on the surface of gold crowns and gold cups have fallen off, and they need to be positioned and pasted back one by one. Huang Xi said.

The thickness of the main body of the crown is less than 2400 microns, which is almost the thickness of 0 sheets of A0 paper superimposed, and the more than 0 gemstones that make up the crown are scattered like sand...... According to experts, in the face of the "osteoporosis" of metal cultural relics under the saline-alkali erosion of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the restoration team innovatively used laser welding technology to repair, and the golden crown piece was welded with tens of thousands of points as a whole.

The restored pearl tiara is presented in a custom-made display case.

The longest part of the process is the restoration of the crown. Through the image recording, cultural relics positioning records, micrographs, and X-ray imaging of the whole process of cleaning the tomb, Huang Xi and his colleague Li Qiliang repeatedly revised 11 versions around the shape of the crown, and deliberated on the correspondence and connection between each bead, sometimes in order to locate a bead, it was necessary to repeatedly discuss it for three or four days.

"In order to ensure the 'long-term stability' of the cultural relics themselves, we used an average of 1 mm stitches to fix the cultural relics between the imitation interlining and the yarn for display, and the restored crown textile lining was displayed in a flat way." Wang Dan, an associate researcher at the Key Laboratory of Science and Technology Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Protection of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that this can not only better protect the original cultural relics, but also take into account the display effect, allowing the audience to intuitively feel the original historical appearance and craftsmanship details of the crown.

The restored crown textiles are lined in custom-made display boxes.

Some scholars believe that the crown in front of the crown may have been influenced by the interior of the Central Plains, and the matching golden cup of the Cheng finger is a fusion of Central Asian art styles, and the turquoise, lapis lazuli, glass, garnet and pearl on the crown are evidence of the trade and trade of the Qinghai Road on the Silk Road.

The mural tomb of the Tubo period in Wulanquangou, Qinghai Province was selected as one of the top ten new archaeological discoveries in the country in 2019 years. From 0 to 0, the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the Haixi Prefecture Museum of Nationalities, and the Wulan County Bureau of Culture, Sports, Tourism, Radio, Film and Television jointly excavated the tomb.