clockaunt, 4 years old, 0 days ago, no obvious triggerIntermittent vague pain in the right lower quadrant, accompanied by nausea and vomiting twice, there is a tendency to eject, vomit is stomach contents, and emergency department visits the hospital for medical treatment.

At the time of consultation, the doctor showed that there was percussion pain in the renal area, the urine routine examination report showed that there were homogeneous red blood cells and crystals in the urine, and the abdominal color ultrasound showed mild hydrops in the right kidney, right kidney stones, and mild dilation of the upper part of the right ureter, and the preliminary diagnosis wasright kidney stones,needAdmitted to the hospital for further treatment.

After hospitalization, the bellauntAbdominal CT was completed, and the examination showed a stone in the upper ureter, mild hydrops in the right kidney, and a stone in the right kidney.

Doctor with bellauntAfter communicating with his family to explain his condition, it was determined that fibroblastoscopic nephrolithotomy should be performed, and the preoperative relevant examinations were improved, and after the contraindications to surgery were ruled out, he was given general anesthesiaauntSurgical treatment was performed and the surgical process went smoothly.

6 days after surgery, clockauntThere were no uncomfortable symptoms, the abdominal pain reported by self-reported disappeared during the re-examination, the symptoms such as vomiting and nausea were basically improved, and the hydrops on the right side of the abdominal CT basically disappeared, and the doctor agreed to be discharged from the hospital based on the comprehensive situation.

The doctor reminds that kidney stones are a relatively common urinary system disease, and when patients have abdominal pain, accompanied by visible hematuria, nausea and vomiting and other symptoms, they should be highly vigilant for kidney stones and seek medical attention as soon as possible.

Patients can choose the appropriate method according to the size and location of their own stones, follow the doctor's instructions to discharge kidney stones, relieve uncomfortable symptoms, and patients with small kidney stones can also be treated conservatively and have regular follow-up visits.

Every summer, you can see many kidney stone patients in the hospital who bend over and cry out in pain, tormented by severe pain and curled up in a ball of cold sweat.

For patients with kidney stones,Renal colic is a pain that has to be said, starting at the waist and radiating down the ureters to the bladder, usually for a few minutes.

With the improvement of living standards and changes in living and eating habits, more and more people are suffering from kidney stones in recent years.

According to epidemiological data,The prevalence of kidney stones in China's population is 45.0%~0.0%, and the data is still rising.

01

Why do good kidneys have stones?

Urinary stones, especially kidney stones, are usually caused by an abnormal buildup of crystals and organic matter in the urine in the urinary tract.

Small stones are as big as grains of sand, and large stones can be as big as tennis balls.

The formation of kidney stones is mostly related toDiet, lifestyle habits, urinary tract infection, autometabolism, etc.

1

Drink less water and don't move

peacetimePeople who don't like to drink water or people who are usually lazy and don't like to exercise, the chance of developing stones will be higher than that of ordinary people.

Other than thatPeople who live in the tropics and people who work in high temperaturesDue to sweating, the chance of concentrated urine forming stones also increases.

2

High oxalic acid, high protein diet

IfOrdinary people eat substances that are prone to stone formation, such as calcium, oxalic acid, uric acid, cystine, etc., which represent foods areAnimal protein, animal offal, seafood, spinach, tea, chocolate, etc, which can promote the formation of uric acid stones and oxalic acid stones, increasing the risk of kidney stones.

3

If you have pee, you don't spill it, and you can hold out the "stone"

IfFrequent or long-term urine holding may cause urinary tract infections, in particular, can cause upper urinary tract infections, andChronic or recurrent urinary tract infections can increase the incidence of kidney stones.

When the urinary system is obstructed, infected, and a foreign body is present in the urinary tract, it can lead to poor urine passage and the gradual formation of kidney stones.

Obstruction can lead to infection and stone formation, which is itself a foreign body in the urinary tract, which can exacerbate the degree of obstruction and infection.

When a patient has a urinary tract infection,Be sure to see a doctor promptly and treat it aggressively.

4

Self-metabolic disorders

The body's metabolism is related to kidney stones, such as:There is a purine metabolism disorder in the body,At this time, the accumulation of purines can form uric acid crystals in the urine, which can further form uric acid stones.Induce kidney stones or gout, symptoms such as low back pain, frequent urination, and urgency to urinate appear.

In addition, if the machineChronic kidney disease, in which urine or electrolyte excretion is blockedIt can also lead to a high incidence of stone disease, such as chronic renal failure, which may increase the incidence of stones.

In addition, ifThe parathyroid glands are hyperactive, will cause the body's calcium and phosphorus metabolism ratio to be out of balance, increase the calcium content in the blood, and decrease the blood phosphorus content, resulting in an increase in calcium excreted by the kidneys.

If there is more calcium in the urine, it is easier to form stones, which are generally bilateral multiple stones, and may be accompanied by changes in bone deformity.

02

How painful are kidney stones?

When kidney stones are small in size, which is able to move within the kidneys, can suddenly cause severe renal colic.

Classified according to the level of pain,At its worst, renal colic can reach grade 8, almost second only to childbirth, and is an unbearable pain.

whileWhen kidney stones are large in sizeIt is difficult to move, the pain is not obvious, generally only a slight dull pain or dull pain, but it can cause urinary tract infection, obstruction, resulting in hydronephrosis and renal insufficiency.

03

What should I do if I have kidney stones?

Kidney stone attacks are painful but itIt's not an incurable disease,As long as you seek medical attention in time and treat it correctly, you can generally recover quickly.

1. Behavioral Treatment:If the stone is relatively small, it can be passedDrink more water and exercise to relieve pain。

2. Medication:It is required when the patient has renal colicPain relief, you can adopt a more comfortable position.

If the pain is still not relieved, analgesics, commonly used analgesicsIbuprofen or diclofenac sodium； If it still hurts, it can be used insteadNaproxen, meperidineand other analgesics to relieve pain.

3. Surgical treatment:Stones can be used if they are smallTamsulosin hydrochloridePromotes the passage of stones on their own.

If the stone is relatively large, it can be passedThe shock wave crushes the stones, or throughSurgical removal stones。

After extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, there are approximately80%of patients with kidney pain can be relieved to varying degrees.

04

How to stay away from kidney stones? This 5 point should be done well

1. Drink plenty of water

Regardless of the type of stone,Increasing water intake is key to preventing stones.

Water dilutes urine and prevents high concentrations of salts and minerals from accumulating into stones.

Summer, ordinary peopleYou need to drink 2500~0ml of water every dayIf you often stay in a ventilated and cool place and sweat less, you can drink less.

If you spend a lot of time in hot and hot conditions and sweat a lot, you should drink more.

When drinking water, you also need to pay attention to drinking more water, such as boiled water, purified water, it is not recommended to use various drinks, tea, coffee to quench your thirst, tea in summer should not drink strong tea, you can drink weak tea.

2. Eat lightly

Three meals a day should pay attention to oil and salt control, eat less supper, control the intake of oxalic acid, purine, sodium salt, and eat less animal offal and seafood, do not eat a lot of spinach, bamboo baskets, chocolate and other oxalic acid-rich foods for a long time,Drink less beer.

Usually you canEat rice bran or fiber-rich foods appropriatelyCellulose can help reduce the absorption of cholesterol in the body and reduce the risk of stone formation.

Also, shouldControl your calcium intakeBecause calcium is one of the main components of stones, it is necessary to avoid excessive intake of high-calcium foods such as milk, cheese, and cream, as well as avoid taking calcium supplements and antacids at the same time.

3. Don't hold your pee

Adults with normal renal functionUrinate at least 2 times a day, generally 0~0 times during the day and 0~0 times at night, the specific number of times is related to the amount of water intake.

Don't hold your urine when you feel the urge to urinate, and develop a good habit of urinating frequently.

4. Increase movement

In summer, it can be done early in the morning and in the evening, when it is coolerOutdoor activities such as walking, running, and jumpingIt can also be done in an air-conditioned room at a suitable temperatureIndoor activities such as yoga and fitness, which can promote water circulation in the body and reduce the risk of kidney stones.

5. Regular physical examination

Early stones are small and often have no obvious symptoms, which can be found through urine routine or ultrasound examination during regular physical examination every year, and treated in time to avoid kidney stones becoming more and larger, which increases the difficulty of treatment.

(All names in the article have been changed)