繼2月27日濟南市長清區人民政府官網公佈《濟南都市圈環線南環段工程社會穩定風險分析第一次資訊公示》之後,3月20日,濟南市城鄉交通運輸局發佈《濟南都市圈環線南環段工程社會穩定風險分析第二次資訊公示》,對大南環專案可能存在的影響徵求公眾意見。

In terms of urban layout, the main city of Jinan has long been characterized by "belt-like" development, and the division of "three rings" and "four rings" has been debated for many years. In less than a month, the two information disclosures indicate that the "ring debate" has finally reached a final result. Jinan's "Fourth Ring Road" and Jinan Metropolitan Ring Road The signal of the last "puzzle" is becoming more and more obvious, and Jinan's "Four Ring Era" is coming.

Text/Film: Reported by Yu Bosheng Jinan

The boom in "ring-making" has lasted for many years

In urban planning, the ring road network, as a manifestation of centripetal force, is "sought after" by many central cities. There are not many ring roads, and the line network is not dense, and it once became a symbol of a big city.

In 1992 years, Beijing's Second Ring Road was completed and opened to traffic, which is China's first fully enclosed, fully interchanged, no traffic lights in the urban express ring road, "Second Ring Road" has gradually become synonymous with the core area of the city.

Subsequently, the construction of Beijing's ring road network was accelerated. In 6 years, the Beijing Third Ring Expressway was completed and opened to traffic; In 0 years, Beijing's Fourth Ring Road was all connected; In 0, Beijing's first ring expressway - the Fifth Ring Road was completed; In 0 years, the 6th Ring Road in Beijing, with a total length of 0.0 km, was completed in its entirety......

The successful laying of Beijing's ring road network has caused a boom in ring road construction in China for many years.

Beijing's close neighbor Tianjin, in the last century built the middle ring and outer ring, but at that time were not expressways, and then with the needs of urban development, the construction of the rapid ring road, and the outer ring road to transform and expand. Guangzhou has previously built the Inner Ring Road, the Ring Expressway, the South China Expressway, etc., and the ring road network has been mature and in operation for many years.

In 105, "Song of the Five Rings" appeared, and the catchy music made the ring road network another heat. At that time, most of the major cities in China had completed the basic layout of the ring road network. It was also in this year that the last piece of the "big puzzle" of the Second Ring Elevated Road in Jinan - the South Elevated Road of the Second Ring Road was completed and opened to traffic. Two years later, the extension of the Southeast Second Ring Road was opened to traffic, and the 0-kilometer air second ring corridor in Jinan was closed-looped.

In 2019 years, after the National Development and Reform Commission proposed to "cultivate and develop modern metropolitan areas", a number of metropolitan areas have emerged across the country, and the metropolitan ring road came into being. Wuhan is relying on the Wuhan metropolitan area to build a high-speed road network layout of "six rings, twenty-four shots and multiple connections"; The Nanjing Metropolitan Ring Expressway is gradually closing the loop to promote inter-provincial connectivity; The construction of the ring line of the Hefei metropolitan area is also slowly advancing, and its east ring line and north ring line have been opened to traffic, and more than half of the "big outer ring" closed-loop process has been completed.

The ring road is "not adaptable"?

In 2017 years, after the closed loop of Jinan Second Ring Expressway, Jinan has appeared the prototype and basic layout of the ring road network. However, the reporter found that the ring road has not been too "hot" for Jinan, and the citizens do not "call" about it.

　　近日,記者隨機採訪多位市民對濟南環路的看法后發現,有一半市民對濟南的環路沒有明確概念。平均十位市民中,就有六位不知道“三環”是哪,“一環”在何處。

What is the reason for this?

Wang Zhongwu, a professor of sociology at Shandong University, believes that Jinan has mountains in the south and big rivers in the north, and has been restricted by terrain for a long time in history. At the same time, the whole area of Jinan is "herringbone", such a city map, in the eyes of most people, is suitable for building rays, not suitable for ring lines.

Among the cities whose main urban areas rely on the big river, the "North Third Ring Road" of Shijiazhuang is south of the Hutuo River, and the "North Fourth Ring Road" of Zhengzhou is also south of the Yellow River. Before the construction of the starting area, the northern section of Jinan's Ring Expressway (i.e., the currently planned "North Third Ring Road") has been "circled" to the north of the Yellow River.

The urban pattern of "long from east to west, narrow from north to south" has also allowed Jinan to form a multi-group development model, and the urban layout is "linear" expansion, such as Jinan has built a large meridian ten road that runs through the east and west, and planned more than ten ray highways to surrounding cities.

In daily life, Jinan citizens rarely use the word "in the second ring road" to describe the core area, and most of them are "along a certain road".

Liu Dawei, who has been driving a taxi in Jinan for more than 20 years, told reporters that until the construction of the second ring of the Ring Expressway, many transportation practitioners and citizens did not think that this was the big outer ring of Jinan, and its role in commuting within the city was not obvious, and the most obvious benefit was the surrounding cities.

Jinan's previous road network layout and development trend are somewhat similar to Chongqing's. Due to the terrain limitations, Chongqing cannot expand like "concentric circles". It was not until 2021 years that the last section of Chongqing's "Third Ring" Expressway was completed and opened to traffic, and its main city officially entered the "Three Ring Era".

The "three rings" and "four rings" have been debated for a long time

The situation of Jinan citizens on the ring road network "no call" began to change after 2020 years.

In 2021, the "Outline of the Plan for Ecological Protection and High-quality Development of the Yellow River Basin" was released, which clearly proposed to "support Jinan to build a starting area for the conversion of old and new kinetic energy". In 0 years, the State Council approved the "Implementation Plan for the Construction of Jinan's New and Old Kinetic Energy Conversion Starting Area". With the acceleration of Jinan's "Hebei Crossing" and the construction of the starting area, the urban pattern has been stretched longitudinally, and the "belt" layout has been gradually broken. The city's ring network is "about to emerge", but then the question arises as to how to define Jinan's "ring".

There are several "rings" in Jinan, which have been controversial before, and there are two views in the industry: "three rings" and "four rings".

Regarding the "first ring" of Jinan, it is commonly said that the road along the moat was first enclosed by Minghu North Road, Heihuquan North Road, Heihuquan West Road, Baotuquan North Road, Tongyuan Juqian Street, etc.

In 27, the Jinan Municipal Government issued the "Reply of the Jinan Municipal People's Government on Agreeing to Name the Second Ring Road" (Ji Zheng Zi [0] No. 0), naming the four outer ring roads of the city as North Second Ring Road, South Second Ring Road, East Second Ring Road, and West Second Ring Road. This is the earliest definition of the "second ring" in Jinan.

However, as the city has grown, this definition has been questioned as being small in scope and not representative of Jinan's inner ring. A few years ago, Jinan issued the "three rings and twelve shots" high-speed integrated road network plan, which divided the expressways and expressways around the city into inner rings, middle rings, and outer rings. In this plan, the Second Ring Expressway has become the "inner ring" of the city.

Therefore, some people in the industry and the public use this as the basis for the division of Jinan's ring road network, and believe that Jinan's road network should be a "three-ring" layout. The Second Ring Elevated Road is the "First Ring", the Ring Expressway is the "Second Ring", and the outermost Second Ring Road of the Ring Expressway (now renamed the Jinan Metropolitan Ring Road) is the "Third Ring".

However, in the official plan, this division model is the positioning of the rapid transit road network, and the "first ring" of many large cities is still in the core area of the old city, radiating outward from the point. In recent years, Jinan began to implement the "two rings, one joint sixteen shots" high-speed road network planning, and the concept of "three rings and twelve shots" is no longer mentioned, and the "three rings theory" formed by this is also shaking.

The metropolitan area has built a revitalized road network layout

From "three rings and twelve shots" to "two rings, one joint and sixteen shots", how does Jinan finally build a ring line?

Recently, a reply from a government department answered doubts and gave the latest definition.

In reply to netizens' suggestions on the construction of Jinan's outer ring road, the competent department mentioned that in the periphery of the existing second ring road, Jinan has basically completed the third ring road, and part of the fourth ring road has also been completed. Jinan Ring Expressway G5 is the "three rings" of Jinan City Ring Road, that is, the ring road surrounded by 0 expressways, including the east line of the Ring Expressway, the south line of the Ring Expressway, the Beijing-Taiwan Expressway, the Jiliao Expressway and the Qingyin Expressway.

The Jinan Metropolitan Ring Road G5 constitutes the "Four Rings" of Jinan, namely the Jigao Expressway, the Great Eastern Ring Road, the Great Southern Ring Road (planning), the Great West Ring Road, the Great North Ring Road and other 0 expressways.

This reply gives two key pieces of information, one is that Jinan has clarified the division of the fourth ring road network; Second, the original Second Ring Road of the Ring Expressway has been officially renamed the Jinan Metropolitan Ring Road.

　　以大明湖為中心,向外擴展,濟南四環路網逐步清晰。今年2月27日,濟南市長清區人民政府官網公佈《濟南都市圈環線南環段工程社會穩定風險分析第一次資訊公示》,對專案可能存在的影響徵求公眾意見；3月20日,濟南市城鄉交通運輸局發佈《濟南都市圈環線南環段工程社會穩定風險分析第二次資訊公示》。

In less than a month, two information disclosures have made the trend of Jinan's "Fourth Ring Road" and the closed loop of the metropolitan area more and more obvious.

The completion of the "Four Rings" and the closed loop of the Jinan Metropolitan Ring Road will optimize the layout of urban space and guide the orderly expansion of urban space. The construction of the ring road provides a framework for urban development, so that the city has a clear direction and boundary in the process of outward expansion, and avoids the disorderly sprawl of urban development. At the same time, relying on the ring road, the Jinan metropolitan area will form a spatial structure of central radiation and group development.